Report On The Design Options Of Landwall Mining Method - Samples

Question: Discuss about the Report On Design Options Of Landwall Mining Method. Answer: Risks In Landwall Minng Accidental collapse of the walls in underground mining The mining options presented have got a myriad of challenges such as risk factors that must be analyzed during establishment of standard operating procedures. Admittedly, risks associated with each mining option have unique characteristics such as accidental collapse of the roof in areas where reinforcements are not done properly. The cross deep shaft method is often associated with this kind of risk as the shafts are sunk relatively deeper. Due to the overbearing weight of the earth movers and the vibration of the machines, areas prone to earth quakes may be triggered off. The geologists must therefore competently analyze the data from the area using modern sophisticated tools and software. The identified hotspots must therefore be avoided at all costs. Workplace safety concerns Improper and insufficient training of all workers can also be a potential source of problems. The inexperienced crane operators and drivers may cause damage to people and properties as they try to navigate the terrain during mining. The entire system of mining must therefore take into consideration the complex routing of the machinery and equipment to minimize on backtracking and unnecessary collisions (Singh Unver, no year). Some mines have weaker rocks which could cave in during operation. It is therefore often required that once an area is depleted, the remnants must be cleared off. The belt transect method will come in handy in this case. The wall destabilizers are therefore useful for this purpose. Notably, the proposed designs aim at maximizing the extraction potential while at the same being cognizant of the fact that safety and costs are equally critical aspects in the operation. The above mining design options have got both merits and limitations. The belt transect method is the fastest and perhaps the cheapest to establish and run. The area identified is worked on in a rectangular manner before collapsing the weaker walls to give way to new region as movement is both traverse and longitudinal. Methane gas emissions In the course of mining Acid mine drainage Respiratory problems Social destruction by the explosives Specifically, proper planning beforehand on the above-mentioned aspects is very critical. The best strategy is selected after a thorough evaluation of the available options. Different models have been used. In our case, a simple yet effective model is used to ascertain whether the minimum criteria are met. Therefore, in conclusion, we propose the belt transect method which takes into proper account of risk, efficiency and reliability. Complex Design Option Major techniques in the coal mining are open cast and underground. The former allows for less access to the reserves while the latter is a sure strategy for maximum extraction. Locating the coal is essential in boosting the efficiency in extraction and coal production. Essentially, the deep underground method incurs a higher cost in set up and extraction. Besides, there are greater prices in terms of risks to pay; notably, however, we are assured of more coal production. One important factor in implementation of any extraction strategy is to ensure harmonious relationship between people and machines for successful extraction. However, in the practical sense, nothing like 100% extraction can be attained with any design. In fact, a lot will happen in the course of extraction including but not limited to mine collapse, dangerous gas emissions, forceful gush in underground water among others. How all these are controlled will partly guarantee success of the proposed design. Design must be in tandem with the technological realities of the longwall mining. Top on the list is ventilation. The methane gas being produced is harmful to human beings as it can be the source of respiratory challenges. In this regard, therefore, the design must endeavor to integrate the ventilating openings to minimize on methane accumulation within the pit. Additionally, the structural mechanics of the support systems must be considered in the design. Roofs have collapsed, in the course of mining due to the overbearing weight of the machineries and equipment. Panel and pillar design layout is a special area where different models have been applied to establish stable structures that are statically redundant. Notably, pillar strength must be such that the overall structural integrity is beyond reproach. Be that as it may, the right caliber of professionals experienced in the science and engineering of coal extraction must be involved in the design. They contribute towards the establishment of a versatile and competent system to operate the mine. Geologist will often lead the park where technical wherewithal will be sought. At the center of these operations is the mining specialist whose main responsibility is to oversee the implementation of the extraction strategy. She therefore leads the technical team in executing the plans. Lastly, t his team must work in unison to ultimately contribute to greater productivity. System Flexibility The model selected must allow for changes in critical parameters such as pit height, seam thickness among others. This will guarantee system dynamism which is essential to cushion against external factors. For instance, in the production planning and control department, after undertaking demand forecasting, may come to a conclusion that the pillar height needed adjustments to allow room for more coal extraction to take effect. While the safety department, expectedly, may have reservations; they may reluctantly agree to this change while citing issues of safety that rise with the decision. Therefore, all issues are often ironed out otherwise the superfluous ending is inevitable. Explorative tools The increased application of the sensor technology is a step in the right direction as mining extraction efficiency is concerned. Further to this, is the GIS technology which allows for real-time location of the mineral ores. Connectedly, less exploration efforts are required hence production cost are minimized as time and effort to explore the mine are substantially reduced Ramesh et al, 2016). The design must also integrate various functional units involved in the extraction process. As pointed out earlier, interdepartmental coordination and consensus are sure ways of bringing every professional on board such that each functional wing carries out its designated task to completion. For instance, to ensure the proposed design see the light of the day, one must liaise with the finance department to look into ways of optimizing the design vis--vis financial prudence. Reference Ramesh K,B., Chandrasekhar, S Reddy, B.V . (2016). Construction and operation of high capacity longwall project: Adriyala experience. The Singareni Collieries Company Ltd Kothagudem. Singh, R.N., Pathan , A.G. Unver, B. (no year). design of rib pillars in longwall mining based on theoretical and practical approaches. Available from: https://www.maden.org.tr/resimler/ekler/17c0907e67d868b_ek.pdf